Model comparison
o1 vs GPT-5.4
The most significant observable difference is the token context size, with GPT-5.4 supporting 1,050,000 tokens compared to o1's 200,000 tokens.
OpenAI
o1
The first reasoning model — historically important, now superseded.
OpenAI
GPT-5.4
OpenAI's flagship — broadest modality and ecosystem coverage.
Specs
| Metric | o1 | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| Context window | 200K tokens | 1.1M tokens↑ |
| Input $/1M tokens | $15.00 | $2.50↑ |
| Output $/1M tokens | $60.00 | $15.00↑ |
| Modalities | Text · Image · File | Text · Image · File |
| Open weights | No | No |
| Released | Dec 2024 | — |
Capability differences
| Capability | o1 | GPT-5.4 |
|---|---|---|
| Tool use | No | Yes |
| Vision | No | Yes |
| Prompt caching | No | Yes |
How they differ
Reasoning approach
o1
o1 operates within a smaller token context, which may require more frequent summarization or segmentation of inputs.
GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4 utilizes its larger token context to process extensive documents and make connections across longer sequences.
Coding
o1
o1 is better suited for shorter code segments within its token limits.
GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4 can analyze and generate code across larger and more complex codebases due to its expanded token capacity.
Context handling
o1
o1's smaller token capacity necessitates more concise or segmented context handling.
GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4 excels at maintaining context across long-form interactions or significant datasets.
Speed
o1
o1 provides faster responses for smaller-scale tasks within its token limits.
GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4 may process longer contexts more slowly due to its larger token capacity.
Cost profile
o1
o1 is significantly more expensive, charging $15.0/1M input tokens and $60.0/1M output tokens.
GPT-5.4
GPT-5.4 is more cost-effective at $2.5/1M input tokens and $15.0/1M output tokens.
o1 — what sets it apart
- +o1 is faster for tasks within its 200,000 token context limit.
- +Its higher cost may reflect specialized fine-tuning or optimization for specific tasks.
GPT-5.4 — what sets it apart
- +GPT-5.4 supports a token context size over five times larger than o1.
- +GPT-5.4 offers significantly lower costs for both input and output tokens.
The most consequential difference is the token context capacity, which shapes their respective suitability for extensive versus smaller-scale tasks.
Analysis synthesized from gpt-4o, llama-4-maverick, phi-4, etc.